obeque



(No Model.) y y 2 sheets-sheen 2.

A. P. CRBQUB.

BOILER. y

No. 255,493. Y PatentedMar. 28,1882.

. Mdwf y WMM- 'UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ALLEN P. CHEQUE, OF NEI/V YORK, N. Y.

BOILER. v'-

SPEGIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 255,493, dated March 28, 1882.

Application tiled February 3, 1852.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALLEN P. OREQUE, a citizen of the United States, and residing in the city, county, and State of New York,lhave invented a certain newand useful Improvement in Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a true and correct description of my said improvement and of the manner of constructing and using the same.

-In the accompanying drawings similar letters indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.A A

In said drawings, Figure l is a sectional view of a boiler, showing my improvements applied in the head and at the side thereof. Fig. 2 is a top" view ot' myimproved strengtheningplate in the form in which it is applied to the head of the boiler. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the same. Fig. 4 is a top view of one of my said strengthening-plates :in the form in which itis applied'to the side ot' the boiler. Fig. 5

' is a sectional view ofthe same.

4Prior to my invention it has Ibeen customary to apply to the heads and other portions of boilers, atthe points where the same are pierced for pipe-connections, a heavy piece of cast-iron, which has been riveted to the boiler-plate on the inside, and which operates to strengthen the part weakened by the opening, and also forms a bearing in which is cut a screw-thread, and to which the pipe-coupling is attached. This mode of strengtheningboilers atthe points weakened by the openings and of providing for coupling-connections is objectionable, for the reason that cast-iron, in order to be made sufficiently strong, has to be of considerable thicknessand weight. AThis adds tothe Weight and expenseof the boiler and increases the cost in many particulars. For instance, the cost of galvanizing such boilers is unnecessarily in-` creased, because the galvanizingof all such boilers is paid for by Weight. A gain,the surface of cast-iron is so rough that it does not make a good joint with the inner surface of the boiler, and it" theboilerorcast iron strength- @ning-plate be hammered to make it fit accurately to the inner surface ot' the boiler such plate is apt to crack. Again, it is difficult to cast such plates in the heavy form necessary, so as to conform accurately to the shape ot' the inner surface of the boiler, and hence a tight I joint for support is rendered difficult of' accom- (No model.)

plishmcnt, or there is danger ot' cracking the cast plate, as before stated, ifit is attempted to hammer the support to a proper bearing or force to such bearing by riveting. Au attempt has been made to overcome these difficulties by the device described in the patent of John Trageser, dated December 3, 187 S, No. 210,476. In said patent is described a screw coupling, which may be formed of malleable iron, and which has a neck, (which is inserted through the shell of the boiler at the opening which is pierced,) and has a small flange on the inside of the shell. This device has been fastened to the boiler by brazing or soldering, the device not being of a shape or construction which permits riveting. been that itnccessitates alarge opening in the boiler-shell to admit the neck, andpwhen applied it d oes not materially strengthen the boiler, owing to the smallness of its flange,and`, being brazed or soldered only, it is easily detached or loosened by springing of the pipe connected to it.

Ihave succeeded in overcoming all of the The objection to this has defects in question by the improved form ot" the boiler-shell, and yet not so -large as to use an unnecessary amount of material. These plates have formed in them openings corresponding in size and shape to the piercings of jthe boiler, and may be cut with a thread to attach the pipe, or may have the pipe otherwise fastened to them.

' In the drawings, A represents the openings corresponding to the boiler-piercings; B, the portions ot" the plate surrounding the boileropenings and re-enforcing the same, and C the ears or projections for rivet-ing the plates to Vthe boiler.

Ihave found that when malleable iron is IOO used, and when the apertures in the boiler are ofthe usual size of one and three thirty-seconds inch in diameter it is sufficient to make the flanges which surround said openings of the diameter fourteen thirty-seconds inch on all sides, and the ears of such size that the distance between the rivet-holes in the center thereof shall be three inches from the center ofthe rivet-hole on one side of the opening in the plate to the center of the rivet-hole on the other.

By constructing my strengtheningplates in the manner shown and described, and out of the materials indicated, I secure the necessary strength and re-enforeing effect with the least possible waste ot material, and, owing to the materials used by me, I am enabled to rivet or hammer the strengthening-plate to a true seat on the inner side of the boiler-plate without danger of crackin g the plate, and the snrface ofthe plate then makes a more even eontact than would be the case it" the plate `were made of cast-iron.

Further improvements in the form of my strengthening-plates which I prefer to adopt are as follows: The plate is formed with its inner surface curved to tit as accurately as possible to the curve of the portion of the boiler to which it is to be applied, and the upper side of said plateto wit, the side which is to be away from the inner surface ofthe boiler-is formed dat at those portions where the rivets are to be inserted, so that if the plate be laid with its center on a horizontal surface the portions of the strengthening-plate where the rivets are to be inserted will be each horizontal. This mode of forming the platcis of considerable advantage and economy, because it facilitates the drilling of the rivetholes and the eountersinking of the spaces ot their heads by gangs of tools.

A further improvement of detail consists in making the plates thicker around the apertures than at the ears, for by this means the greatest strength is given where it is most required, waste of material is prevented, and shorter rivets may be used in securing the plates to the boiler.

A further improvement consists in the mode of applying said plates to the heads ot' boilers. It has been usual in piercing boiler-heads to pierce the same at their center for one of the pipes or connections, and at another point at some distance from the center for another pipe or connection. This renders theboilerhead of unequal strength and weight in its dilerent parts. I secure a better result and more symmetry to the boiler by piercing the boiler-head with holes which are equidistant from the center of the head, as shown in Fig. 1. The mere location of the piercings I do not, however, claim. By piercing the boiler and applying the plate in the position there shown the central rivet of the strengthening plate marks the center of the boiler, and upon each side of it, at equal distances, are the couplings or connections and the rivets which fasten the strengthening-plate. This mode of constructing heads of boilers is found to he of advantage, especially in places where boilers are subjected to unequal pressure, as in cases where they are used in connection with the Holly system, and where the boilers are sub ject to the throbbing action of an engine.

By forming my plates of malleable iron or other equivalent material I am enabled to secure ajoint between such plates and the inner surface ofthe boiler by hammering and riveting which is so close that the junction between the parts is almost indistinguishable.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. A boiler provided at its aperture or apertures with strengthening-plates made of malleable iron or other equivalent ductile material riveted to the boiler-shell, substantially as shown and described.

2. Strengthening-plates for boilers, made of malleable iron or other equivalent ductile inaterial, and consisting of a flange surrounding the aperture, and ears or projections provided with rivetingholes, substantially as described. 3. A strengthening plate for the apertures of boilers, of malleableR iron or other equiva lent ductile material, having ilan ges surrounding the apertures, and ears or projections provided with rivet-holes, said ears or projections being of less thickness than the strengthening-flanges.

4. A strengthening-plate for the apertures of boilers, formed of malleable iron or other equivalent ductile material, and provided with ears or projections for rivet-holes, said ears or projections having a horizontal surface on one of their sides, the other side of the plate being curved to conform to the boiler.

5. A boiler-head having the holes for pipecounections pierced at equal distances from the center thereof au d strengthened by a plate of malleable iron or other equivalent ductile material riveted thereto, substantially as described.

ALLEN P. CREQUE. Witnesses:

THOMAS HUNT. J. E. HrNDoN HYDE.

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